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class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="闪存" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">闪存</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/b925b8/" class="nav-link">如何高效阅读嵌入式项目代码</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/28ec23/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/62bf40/" class="nav-link">ARM 处理器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1a9374/" class="nav-link">嵌入式基础知识-存储器</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/aac5e3/" class="nav-link">闪存存储和制造技术概述</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/8f6056/" class="nav-link">芯片IO驱动力</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d146b8/" class="nav-link">主流先进封装技术介绍</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/16f0ba/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash基础</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/90d8d0/" class="nav-link">基于PA算法的FTL引导</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/eb672b/" class="nav-link">SD逻辑擦除和物理擦除</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/747121/" class="nav-link">NAND Flash的SDR、ONFI、DDR接口</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/1eb351/" class="nav-link">【详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d2512a/" class="nav-link">【两万字详解】Nand Flash必看知识</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="面经" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">面经</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/d69946/" class="nav-link">虎牙C++技术面经</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/29251d/" class="nav-link">金山一面复习</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/c7c01f/" class="nav-link">完美世界秋招 C++ 游戏开发面经(Cpp部分)</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="nav-item"><div class="dropdown-wrapper"><button type="button" aria-label="其它" class="dropdown-title"><!----> <span class="title" style="display:;">其它</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></button> <ul class="nav-dropdown" style="display:none;"><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/fa256e/" class="nav-link">博客搭建</a></li><li class="dropdown-item"><!----> <a href="/pages/335531/" class="nav-link">网站收藏箱</a></li></ul></div></div> <!----></nav>  <ul class="sidebar-links"><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>权限校验</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading open"><span>设计模式</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/pages/73ddd7/" class="sidebar-link">常见设计模式总结</a></li><li><a href="/pages/0863fc/" aria-current="page" class="active sidebar-link">设计模式 13 问</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_1、谈谈你对设计模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">1、谈谈你对设计模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_2、谈谈你对工厂方法模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">2、谈谈你对工厂方法模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_3、谈谈你对简单工厂模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">3、谈谈你对简单工厂模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_4、谈谈你对单例模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">4、谈谈你对单例模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_5、谈谈你对代理模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">5、谈谈你对代理模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_6、谈谈你对模板模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">6、谈谈你对模板模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_7、谈谈你对观察者模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">7、谈谈你对观察者模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_8、谈谈你对装饰器模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">8、谈谈你对装饰器模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_9、谈谈你对策略模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">9、谈谈你对策略模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_10、谈谈你对适配器模式的理解" class="sidebar-link">10、谈谈你对适配器模式的理解？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_11、谈谈-io-中用到的设计模式" class="sidebar-link">11、谈谈 IO 中用到的设计模式？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_12、谈谈-spring-中用到的设计模式" class="sidebar-link">12、谈谈 Spring 中用到的设计模式？</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header level2"><a href="/pages/0863fc/#_13、谈谈-mybatis-中用到的设计模式" class="sidebar-link">13、谈谈 MyBatis 中用到的设计模式？</a></li></ul></li></ul></section></li></ul> </aside> <div><main class="page"><div class="theme-vdoing-wrapper "><div class="articleInfo-wrap" data-v-06225672><div class="articleInfo" data-v-06225672><ul class="breadcrumbs" data-v-06225672><li data-v-06225672><a href="/" title="首页" class="iconfont icon-home router-link-active" data-v-06225672></a></li> <li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>系统设计</span></li><li data-v-06225672><span data-v-06225672>设计模式</span></li></ul> <div class="info" data-v-06225672><div title="作者" class="author iconfont icon-touxiang" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>霜晨月</a></div> <div title="创建时间" class="date iconfont icon-riqi" data-v-06225672><a href="javascript:;" data-v-06225672>2023-07-27</a></div> <!----></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="content-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-wrapper"><div class="right-menu-margin"><div class="right-menu-title">目录</div> <div class="right-menu-content"></div></div></div> <h1><img src="">设计模式 13 问<!----></h1> <!----> <div class="theme-vdoing-content content__default"><h1 id="设计模式-13-问"><a href="#设计模式-13-问" class="header-anchor">#</a> 设计模式 13 问</h1> <h2 id="_1、谈谈你对设计模式的理解"><a href="#_1、谈谈你对设计模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 1、谈谈你对设计模式的理解？</h2> <ol><li><p>设计模式是一种被广泛应用的解决问题的经验总结，它提供了一套可复用、可扩展、易于维护的解决方案。设计模式可以帮助我们更好地组织代码，提高代码质量和可读性。</p> <p>我将他理解成是一种由以前的程序员在实际工作中反复使用，总结得出的经验，最终形成的使用的模式。</p></li> <li><p>有 7 个常用的软件设计原则</p> <ul><li><p>开闭原则 -- 对扩展开放，对修改关闭</p></li> <li><p>单一职责原则 -- ⼀个类只负责⼀个功能领域中的相应职责</p></li> <li><p>里氏替换原则 -- 所有引用基类的地方必须能透明地使用其子类的对象</p></li> <li><p>依赖倒置原则 -- 依赖于抽象，不能依赖于具体实现</p></li> <li><p>接口隔离原则 -- 类之间的依赖关系应该建立在最小的接口上</p></li> <li><p>合成/聚合复用原则 -- 尽量使用合成/聚合，而不是通过继承达到复用的目的</p></li> <li><p>最少知识原则 或者 迪米特法则 -- 一个软件实体应当尽可能少的与其他实体发生相互作用</p></li></ul></li> <li><p>主要有三大分类</p> <ul><li>创建型模式</li> <li>结构型模式</li> <li>行为型模式</li></ul> <p><img alt="image" data-src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/gh/cmty256/imgs-blog@main/images/image.5esivtv1v740.webp" loading="lazy" class="lazy"></p></li></ol> <h2 id="_2、谈谈你对工厂方法模式的理解"><a href="#_2、谈谈你对工厂方法模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 2、谈谈你对工厂方法模式的理解？</h2> <p>工厂方法模式是一种创建型设计模式，它将对象的创建委托给子类，由子类决定实例化哪个类。这样可以将对象的创建与使用分离，提高了代码的可扩展性和灵活性。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProduct</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;具体产品&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Factory</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteFactory</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Factory</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Factory</span> factory <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteFactory</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Product</span> product <span class="token operator">=</span> factory<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    product<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出：具体产品</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_3、谈谈你对简单工厂模式的理解"><a href="#_3、谈谈你对简单工厂模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 3、谈谈你对简单工厂模式的理解？</h2> <p>简单工厂模式是一种创建型设计模式，它通过一个工厂类来创建对象，而不是直接在客户端代码中实例化对象。简单工厂模式简化了对象的创建过程，对客户端隐藏了对象的创建细节。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProductA</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;产品A&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProductB</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;产品B&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">SimpleFactory</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token class-name">Product</span> <span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> type<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;A&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">equals</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>type<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProductA</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;B&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">equals</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>type<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">return</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteProductB</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span> <span class="token keyword">else</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            <span class="token keyword">throw</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">IllegalArgumentException</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;无效的产品类型&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Product</span> productA <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">SimpleFactory</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;A&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Product</span> productB <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">SimpleFactory</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">createProduct</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;B&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    productA<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出：产品A</span>
    productB<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">show</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出：产品B</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_4、谈谈你对单例模式的理解"><a href="#_4、谈谈你对单例模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 4、谈谈你对单例模式的理解？</h2> <p>单例模式是一种创建型设计模式，它确保一个类只有一个实例，并提供一个全局访问点。单例模式通常用于管理全局资源或控制某些共享资源的访问。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span> instance<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// 私有构造方法</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span> <span class="token function">getInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>instance <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            instance <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token keyword">return</span> instance<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span> singleton <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token class-name">Singleton</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getInstance</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token comment">// 使用singleton对象进行操作</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_5、谈谈你对代理模式的理解"><a href="#_5、谈谈你对代理模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 5、谈谈你对代理模式的理解？</h2> <p>代理模式是一种结构型设计模式，它通过一个代理类来控制对另一个对象的访问。代理模式可以用于实现延迟加载、权限控制、远程访问等功能。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">RealSubject</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;真实主题&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">RealSubject</span> realSubject<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">if</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span>realSubject <span class="token operator">==</span> <span class="token keyword">null</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            realSubject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">RealSubject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;代理前处理&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        realSubject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;代理后处理&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> proxy <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Proxy</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    proxy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_6、谈谈你对模板模式的理解"><a href="#_6、谈谈你对模板模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 6、谈谈你对模板模式的理解？</h2> <p>模板模式是一种行为型设计模式，它定义了一个算法的骨架，将一些步骤的具体实现延迟到子类中。模板模式可以提高代码的复用性和可扩展性。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">AbstractClass</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">templateMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token comment">// 一些公共的处理逻辑</span>
        <span class="token function">specificMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token comment">// 一些其他的公共处理逻辑</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">specificMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteClass</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">AbstractClass</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">specificMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;具体子类实现&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">AbstractClass</span> abstractClass <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteClass</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    abstractClass<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">templateMethod</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_7、谈谈你对观察者模式的理解"><a href="#_7、谈谈你对观察者模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 7、谈谈你对观察者模式的理解？</h2> <p>观察者模式是一种行为型设计模式，它定义了一种一对多的依赖关系，当一个对象状态发生改变时，它的所有依赖者都会收到通知。观察者模式可以用于实现事件监听、消息订阅等功能。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;收到消息：&quot;</span> <span class="token operator">+</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">List</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token class-name">Observer</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span> observers <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ArrayList</span><span class="token generics"><span class="token punctuation">&lt;</span><span class="token punctuation">&gt;</span></span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Observer</span> observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        observers<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">add</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">removeObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Observer</span> observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        observers<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">remove</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span> message<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">for</span> <span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Observer</span> observer <span class="token operator">:</span> observers<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
            observer<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">update</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>message<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Subject</span> subject <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Subject</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> observer1 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Observer</span> observer2 <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer1<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">addObserver</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>observer2<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    subject<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">notifyObservers</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;Hello, observers!&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_8、谈谈你对装饰器模式的理解"><a href="#_8、谈谈你对装饰器模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 8、谈谈你对装饰器模式的理解？</h2> <p>装饰器模式是一种结构型设计模式，它动态地给一个对象添加一些额外的功能，而不影响其接口。装饰器模式可以用于扩展一个类的功能，而不需要修改其原始代码。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Component</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteComponent</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Component</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;具体组件&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">abstract</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Decorator</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Component</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">protected</span> <span class="token class-name">Component</span> component<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">Decorator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Component</span> component<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>component <span class="token operator">=</span> component<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        component<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteDecorator</span> <span class="token keyword">extends</span> <span class="token class-name">Decorator</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteDecorator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Component</span> component<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>component<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">super</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;装饰器扩展功能&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Component</span> component <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteComponent</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Component</span> decorator <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteDecorator</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>component<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    decorator<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">operation</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br><span class="line-number">42</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_9、谈谈你对策略模式的理解"><a href="#_9、谈谈你对策略模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 9、谈谈你对策略模式的理解？</h2> <p>策略模式是一种行为型设计模式，它定义了一系列算法，并使它们可以相互替换，让算法的变化独立于使用算法的客户端。策略模式可以提高代码的灵活性和可维护性。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteStrategyA</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;具体策略A&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteStrategyB</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;具体策略B&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> strategy<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> strategy<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>strategy <span class="token operator">=</span> strategy<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">execute</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        strategy<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">algorithm</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> strategyA <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteStrategyA</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Strategy</span> strategyB <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">ConcreteStrategyB</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token class-name">Context</span> contextA <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>strategyA<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Context</span> contextB <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Context</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>strategyB<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    contextA<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">execute</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出：具体策略A</span>
    contextB<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">execute</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span> <span class="token comment">// 输出：具体策略B</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br><span class="line-number">30</span><br><span class="line-number">31</span><br><span class="line-number">32</span><br><span class="line-number">33</span><br><span class="line-number">34</span><br><span class="line-number">35</span><br><span class="line-number">36</span><br><span class="line-number">37</span><br><span class="line-number">38</span><br><span class="line-number">39</span><br><span class="line-number">40</span><br><span class="line-number">41</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_10、谈谈你对适配器模式的理解"><a href="#_10、谈谈你对适配器模式的理解" class="header-anchor">#</a> 10、谈谈你对适配器模式的理解？</h2> <p>适配器模式是一种结构型设计模式，它将一个类的接口转换成客户端所期待的接口，使得原本不兼容的类可以协同工作。适配器模式可以用于解决不同接口之间的兼容性问题。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token keyword">interface</span> <span class="token class-name">Target</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Adaptee</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">specificRequest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;适配者的方法&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">Adapter</span> <span class="token keyword">implements</span> <span class="token class-name">Target</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">Adaptee</span> adaptee<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">Adapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">Adaptee</span> adaptee<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>adaptee <span class="token operator">=</span> adaptee<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Override</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        adaptee<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">specificRequest</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// 在客户端代码中使用</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">static</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">main</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">String</span><span class="token punctuation">[</span><span class="token punctuation">]</span> args<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Adaptee</span> adaptee <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Adaptee</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token class-name">Target</span> target <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">Adapter</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>adaptee<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    target<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">request</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br><span class="line-number">23</span><br><span class="line-number">24</span><br><span class="line-number">25</span><br><span class="line-number">26</span><br><span class="line-number">27</span><br><span class="line-number">28</span><br><span class="line-number">29</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_11、谈谈-io-中用到的设计模式"><a href="#_11、谈谈-io-中用到的设计模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 11、谈谈 IO 中用到的设计模式？</h2> <p>在IO中，常用的设计模式包括装饰器模式（例如BufferedInputStream）、观察者模式（例如Java IO的事件监听器）、适配器模式（例如InputStreamReader）等。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token class-name">InputStream</span> inputStream <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">FileInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;file.txt&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
inputStream <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">BufferedInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inputStream<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
inputStream <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">DataInputStream</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inputStream<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token comment">// 在这里，BufferedInputStream 和 DataInputStream 就是装饰器，通过组合方式给 FileInputStream 添加了缓冲和处理基本数据类型的功能。</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_12、谈谈-spring-中用到的设计模式"><a href="#_12、谈谈-spring-中用到的设计模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 12、谈谈 Spring 中用到的设计模式？</h2> <p>在Spring中，常用的设计模式包括单例模式（例如Spring容器管理Bean的单例实例）、模板模式（例如JdbcTemplate）、代理模式（例如AOP实现）等。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token comment">// IoC示例</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Service</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyService</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token keyword">private</span> <span class="token class-name">MyRepository</span> repository<span class="token punctuation">;</span>

    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Autowired</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token class-name">MyService</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MyRepository</span> repository<span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token keyword">this</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>repository <span class="token operator">=</span> repository<span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>

    <span class="token comment">// ...</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>

<span class="token comment">// AOP示例</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Aspect</span>
<span class="token annotation punctuation">@Component</span>
<span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">class</span> <span class="token class-name">MyAspect</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
    <span class="token annotation punctuation">@Before</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;execution(* com.example.MyService.*(..))&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span>
    <span class="token keyword">public</span> <span class="token keyword">void</span> <span class="token function">beforeAdvice</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span> <span class="token punctuation">{</span>
        <span class="token class-name">System</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span>out<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">println</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token string">&quot;执行前置通知&quot;</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
    <span class="token punctuation">}</span>
<span class="token punctuation">}</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br><span class="line-number">6</span><br><span class="line-number">7</span><br><span class="line-number">8</span><br><span class="line-number">9</span><br><span class="line-number">10</span><br><span class="line-number">11</span><br><span class="line-number">12</span><br><span class="line-number">13</span><br><span class="line-number">14</span><br><span class="line-number">15</span><br><span class="line-number">16</span><br><span class="line-number">17</span><br><span class="line-number">18</span><br><span class="line-number">19</span><br><span class="line-number">20</span><br><span class="line-number">21</span><br><span class="line-number">22</span><br></div></div><h2 id="_13、谈谈-mybatis-中用到的设计模式"><a href="#_13、谈谈-mybatis-中用到的设计模式" class="header-anchor">#</a> 13、谈谈 MyBatis 中用到的设计模式？</h2> <p>在MyBatis中，常用的设计模式包括工厂模式（例如SqlSessionFactoryBuilder用于创建SqlSessionFactory）、模板模式（例如BaseExecutor中定义SqlSession的模板方法）等。</p> <div class="language-java line-numbers-mode"><pre class="language-java"><code><span class="token class-name">SqlSessionFactory</span> factory <span class="token operator">=</span> <span class="token keyword">new</span> <span class="token class-name">SqlSessionFactoryBuilder</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">build</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span>inputStream<span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
<span class="token class-name">SqlSession</span> session <span class="token operator">=</span> factory<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">openSession</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>

<span class="token comment">// Mapper接口代理示例</span>
<span class="token class-name">MapperInterface</span> mapper <span class="token operator">=</span> session<span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token function">getMapper</span><span class="token punctuation">(</span><span class="token class-name">MapperInterface</span><span class="token punctuation">.</span><span class="token keyword">class</span><span class="token punctuation">)</span><span class="token punctuation">;</span>
</code></pre> <div class="line-numbers-wrapper"><span class="line-number">1</span><br><span class="line-number">2</span><br><span class="line-number">3</span><br><span class="line-number">4</span><br><span class="line-number">5</span><br></div></div></div></div> <!----> <div class="page-edit"><!----> <!----> <div class="last-updated"><span class="prefix">上次更新:</span> <span class="time">2024/6/3 14:54:44</span></div></div> <div class="page-nav-wapper"><div class="page-nav-centre-wrap"><a href="/pages/73ddd7/" class="page-nav-centre page-nav-centre-prev"><div class="tooltip">常见设计模式总结</div></a> <!----></div> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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